Грамматика английского языка.

Времена.

The Present Indefinite Tense
(Используется, для того чтобы, сказать о действиях, которые происходят постоянно)

+
I, you, we, they, he, she, it + verb (I)

—
I, you, we, they + do + not + verb (I)
he, she, it + does + not + verb (I)

?
Do + I, you, we, they + verb (I)
Does + he, she, it + verb (I)

The Present Continuous Tense
(Используется, когда мы говорим, о чем-либо что происходит во время разговора)

+
I + am + verb (I) + ing
he, she, it + is + verb (I) + ing
you, we, they + are + verb (I) + ing

he, she, it + is + verb (I) + ing

—
I + am + not + verb (I) + ing
you, we, they, + are + not + verb (I) + ing
he, she, it + is + not + verb (I) + ing

?
am + I + verb (I) + ing
are + you, we, they, + verb (I) + ing
is + he, she, it + verb (I) + ing

The Present Perfect Tense
(Употребляется для выражения законченного действия, но результат этого действия непосредственно связан с настоящим. В фразе могут употребляться слова: already, just, not…yet, recently, lately, for ages, for a long time, ever, never, for… , since, today, this year, this month…)

+
I, you, we, they + have + Past Participle
he, she, it + has + Past Participle

—
I, you, we, they + have + not + Past Participle
he, she, it + has + not + Past Participle

?
have + I, you, we, they + Past Participle
has + he, she, it + Past Participle

The Present Perfect Continuous Tense
(Используется, когда действие началось в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор или только что закончилось)

+
I, you, we, they + have + been + verb (I) + ing
he, she, it + has + been + verb (I) + ing

—
I, you, we, they + have + not + been + verb (I) + ing

he, she, it + has + not + been + verb (I) + ing

?
Have + I, you, we, they + been + verb (I) + ing
Has he, she, it + been + verb (I) + ing

The Future Indefinite Tense
(Используется, когда мы говорим о будущем)

+
I, we + shall + verb (I)
you, he, she, it, they + will + verb (I)

—
I, we + shall + not + verb (I)
you, he, she, it, they + will + not + verb (I)

?
shall + I, we + verb (I)
will + you, he, she, it, they + verb (I)

The Future Continuous Tense
(Используется, когда мы говорим о точно указано время действия в будущем)

+
I, we + shall + be + verb (I) + ing
you, he, she, it, they + will + be + verb (I) + ing

—
I, we + shall + not + be + verb (I) + ing
you, he, she, it, they + will + not + verb (I) + ing

?
shall + I, we + be + verb (I) + ing
will + you, he, she, it, they + be + verb (I) + ing

The Future Perfect Tense
(Используем, когда хотим сказать, что действие будет совершено перед определенным моментом в будущем)

+
I, we + shall + have + Past Participle
you + will + have + Past Participle
he, she, it, they + will + has + Past Participle

—
I, we + shall + not + have + Past Participle
you + will + not + have + Past Participle
he, she, it, they + will + not + has + Past Participle

?
shall + I, we + have + Past Participle

will + you + have + Past Participle
will + he, she, it, they + has + Past Participle

The Future Perfect Continuous Tense
(Используем, когда хотим сказать, что что-то уже произошло перед определенным моментом будущего)

+
I, we + shall + have + been + verb (I) + ing
you + will + have + been + verb (I) + ing
he, she, it, they + will + has + been + verb (I) + ing

—
I, we + shall + not + have + been + verb (I) + ing
you + will + not + have + been + verb (I) + ing
he, she, it, they + will + not + has + been + verb (I) + ing

?
shall + I, we + have + been + verb (I) + ing
will + you + have + been + verb (I) + ing
will + he, she, it, they + has + been + verb (I) + ing

The Past Indefinite Tense
(Используем чтобы сказать о событиях или ситуациях прошлого).

+
I, you, he, she, it, we, they + verb (II)

—
I, you, he, she, it, we, they + did not + verb (I)

?
Did + I, you, he, she, it, we, they + verb (I)

The Past Continuous Tense
(Используем, чтобы сказать, что действие совершилось или продолжается в какой-то момент прошлого)

+
I, he, she, it + was + verb (I) + ing

you, we, they + were + verb (I) + ing

—
I, he, she, it + was + not + verb (I) + ing
you, we, they + were + not + verb (I) + ing

?
was + I, he, she, it + verb (I) + ing
were + you, we, they + verb (I) + ing

The Past Perfect Tense
(Используем, когда одно действие произошла раньше другого в прошлом)

+
I, you, we, they, he, she, it + had + Past Participle

—
I, you, we, they, he, she, it + had + not + Past Participle

?
had + I, you, we, they, he, she, it + Past Participle

The Past Perfect Continuous Tense
(Используем, когда действие началось в прошлом и продолжалось до определенного момента в прошлом)

+
I, you, we, they, he, she, it + had + been + verb (I) + ing

—
I, you, we, they, he, she, it + had + not + been + verb (I)

?
had + I, you, we, they, he, she, it + been + verb (I)

The Future in – the – Past Indefinite Tense
(Используем, когда действие началось, в прошлом и будет продолжаться в будущем)

+
I, you, he, she, it, we, they + would + verb (I)

—
I, you, he, she, it, we, they + would + not + verb (I)

?

would + I, you, he, she, it, we, they + verb (I)

The Future in – the – Past Continuous Tense
(Используем, когда действие началось, в прошлом и будет продолжаться до определенного момента в будущем)

+
I, you, he, she, it, we, they + would + be + verb (I) + ing

—
I, you, he, she, it, we, they + would + not + be + verb (I) + ing

?
would + I, you, he, she, it, we, they + be + verb (I) + ing

The Future in – the – Past Perfect Tense
(Действие началось в определенный момент в прошлом, и будет продолжаться в будущем)

+
I, you, we, they + would + have + Past Participle

he, she, it + would + has + Past Participle

—
I, you, we, they + would + not + have + Past Participle
he, she, it + would + not + has + Past Participle

?
would + I, you, we, they + have + Past Participle
would + he, she, it + has + Past Participle

The Future in – the – Past Perfect Continuous Tense
(Действие будет продолжаться к определенному моменту в будущем с точки зрения прошлого)

+
I, you, we, they + would + have + been + verb (I) + ing
he, she, it + would + has + been + verb (I) + ing

—
I, you, we, they + would + not + have + been + verb (I) + ing
he, she, it + would + not + has + been + verb (I) + ing

?
would + I, you, we, they + have + been + verb (I) + ing

would + he, she, it + has + been + verb (I) + ing

verb (I) — глаголы I формы
verb (II) — глаголы II формы